Most longer papers are divided into several parts in order to make them easier to read. These parts usually are preceded by headings or titles which indicate the subject to be covered in discussion which follows. Stylistically, several decisions have to be made about how these headings are to be set in type. You, as editor, have to tell the printer what to do.
We will refer to the major divisions of a paper as chapters.
In general each chapter has a heading.
Our choice as book designers has been to set this heading in
larger type and preface the text of the heading with a number.
The number is automatically increased each time you declare a
new chapter.
In addition, some extra space is skipped both above and below
each chapter heading.
All of this magic is at your disposal if you simply use the
chapter command to indicate that the text you are
about to type is the heading of a chapter.
==
To be precise, the way you use this command is to type
chapter { text }
where { text } stands
for the chapter name which you have to make
up and insert.
For example, the chapter title for this chapter was generated by
typing
chapter{ STRUCTURING PREPRINTS }
Note, I chose to type the heading in capitals.
That's because I like the way it looks.
You certainly don't have to do that.
If you don't, but instead type
chapter{ Structuring Preprints }
then you obtain =by -1